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Travel Requirements, Policy & Authorization

Heading to Europe? You Might Be Required to Carry ID

Sarah Pardi - September 30, 2026

Home > Travel Guide > Travel Requirements, Policy & Authorization > Heading to Europe? You Might Be Required to Carry ID

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So many of us dream of heading to Europe, whether that's one specific country we've had our eye on for some time, or several.

It's a big trip, though, especially for travelers from the US or Canada. Not to mention, there are a lot of things you need to be aware of before you book.

Some travelers are required to get a visa for Europe, and thus must adhere to Schengen visa requirements. Others will need ETIAS in the coming months. For some, travel insurance is mandatory.

That isn't even the entire list of things you need to consider.

Sometimes, when we're thinking about all of the yellow tape we have to go through to travel, we forget about local laws and rules that will be there waiting for us when we arrive... like whether or not you're required to carry ID on you.

We're going to take a look at which countries in Europe require you to carry identification.

Where are you required to carry ID?

There isn't a "universal" policy in the European Union or the Schengen area that states its visitors have to carry identification at all times.

Instead, the rule is left up to each country. Countries can decide whether or not they require their visitors to have their passports (or another form of ID) with them while out and about.

CountryIs It Mandatory to Carry ID?Notes
AustriaYou have to present it upon requestCarry a copy of your passport on you just in case
BelgiumYesIt's a legal requirement, & you can be fined
BulgariaUK officials say to carry itThey also say a printed copy can suffice
CroatiaCroatian officials can ask to see your ID at any timeIt's recommended to have it on you
The Czech RepublicYesIt's a legal requirement, & you can be fined. The US and UK governments say they may accept a paper copy
FranceYesThe US Embassy says a student card or driver's license will suffice
GermanyYesYou must be able to show your passport/ID on request
GreeceYesIt's a legal requirement, and photocopies may not be accepted
HungaryYesIt's a legal requirement, must be original document
ItalyYesYou should carry ID at all times
LatviaYesThe Latvian Tourism Board says you should always carry your ID on you
MaltaYou must be able to present it on requestThe Maltese Government says you often have 24 hours to present it when questioned
The NetherlandsYes, your passportIt's a legal requirement for anyone aged 14+
PolandYesThe UK Government says a photocopy of your passport is sufficient
PortugalYesThe Irish Government says it's a legal requirement in Portugal
RomaniaYes, you must be able to present it upon requestPhotocopies often suffice
SlovakiaYesIt's a legal requirement with fines up to 1600 euros for failure to present your passport
SloveniaYesYou can be fined several hundred euros if you don't have your passport on you
SpainYesYou could be held at a police station if unable to verify your identity when asked
SwedenYes, you must be able to present passport on requestLocal ID from another country doesn't suffice

In Austria, your passport must be readily available

According to the UK Government, you must be able to easily access your passport when in Austria. If asked by Austrian authorities and your passport isn't on you, you must be able to get it quickly for them.

The British Government recommends carrying a copy of the photo page of your passport with you. They also note that Austrian authorities do not accept UK driving licenses as official ID documents.

You must carry your ID at all times in Belgium

It's a law in Belgium, and police can even detain foreigners who aren't carrying the required ID. You can also be subject to a fine.

When you're visiting Belgium, make sure that you carry the proper identification with you at all times. For foreigners, this would be a valid passport.

If you're a third-country national who is legally living in Belgium, make sure you have your residence card on you.

Make sure you have valid ID in Bulgaria

The UK Government states that travelers to Bulgaria should "Always carry ID". A printed copy of the photo page of the passport will suffice if you don't want to carry your original, physical passport with you when you're out and about.

Carry your passport in Croatia

According to the British Government, you should always carry your passport on you when you're in Croatia. If you're a resident, you should have your Croatian ID card.

Croatian authorities can ask to see your ID at any time, so it's important that you have it on you, just in case.

You must carry your passport at all times in the Czech Republic

Travelers are legally required to carry ID at all times. If you don't have it on you and you're asked to present it to authorities, you can be fined, or worse, arrested.

The US Government recommends carrying a copy of your passport with you instead of your actual physical document. That said, the UK Government notes, "They will normally accept a scan of your passport if you have not committed a crime."

The French tourism board says you must carry your ID

The official France Tourism Board website states that all foreign visitors (even those from the EU) must have their passport or national identity card on them at all times, and that French policy can ask visitors to present it at any time.

According to the US Embassy in France, US citizens don't necessarily need to carry their passports; instead, "a student card or driver's license is usually sufficient."

In Germany, your ID must be readily accessible

The German government says that foreigners must be able to show their ID (and surrender it) on request. This includes passports.

Carry your passport with you in Greece

Both the British and US Governments state that travelers should always carry their passports with them when traveling to Greece, and that police can ask to see them.

They also note that local authorities may not accept a copy of your passport, so make sure that you're carrying the original.

You must carry your ID with you in Hungary

According to the Irish Embassy in Budapest, you are legally required to carry photo ID on you when you're in Hungary.

If a Hungarian official asks to see your ID, you must be able to present it, and a photocopy won't cut it.

Are You Covered Yet?

If you're heading to Europe, make sure you have the coverage you need.

In Italy, you can be asked to present ID

The UK government says that you should carry photo ID on you at all times when you're in Italy. This is because under Italian law, authorities can stop you at any time to check your identity.

In case of a random check, you should have your passport on you, especially if you've rented a car, in case you've been pulled over or there is an accident.

You should have your passport on you in Latvia

The official Latvia tourism website says that you should carry your passport with you when visiting Latvia.

Have your ID ready in Malta

Maltese police can ask you to present your ID at any time. If they do, you must be able to easily retrieve it. According to the Maltese government, you typically have 24 hours to present it when questioned.

Tourists taking a photo in Barcelona, Spain

It's mandatory to carry your passport in the Netherlands

For everyone 14 or older, it's required by law to carry your passport at all times in the Netherlands (or your Dutch residency card if you live there).

Have ID on you in Poland

The UK government says that travelers should always carry ID on them when visiting Poland, and that a photocopy of the photo page of your passport is usually sufficient.

Carry your identification in Portugal

The Irish Government states that travelers need to carry identification at all times in Portugal, as it is Portuguese law.

You must carry photo ID in Romania at all times

According to both the Canadian and Irish governments, travelers in Romania must carry valid photo ID on them at all times. This is because Romanian officials can ask you to provide proof of identity at any time.

Both governments say that a photocopy of your passport is typically enough.

You must carry your passport in Slovakia

Travelers must carry a passport at all times when visiting Slovakia.

The British Government states that travelers can be fined up to 1600 euros if they don't show their ID to police when it's asked for.

You should carry your passport in Slovenia

When visiting Slovenia, travelers should carry ID on them at all times, according to both the Canadian and Irish governments.

If you are asked to present photo ID and can't, you could be fined right then and there, and the fines are steep. According to the Irish Government, you could be fined hundreds of euros.

You can be asked to prove your identity in Spain

If you're traveling to Spain, you can be asked to prove your identity by local authorities. If you're unable to do so, you can be held at a police station until your identity has been confirmed.

Sources & references

Internal Expertise & Review
We're a team of travel insurance experts and travel-lovers alike. Combining our regulatory expertise with our practical knowledge, we create guides and resources to help travelers of all backgrounds explore Europe safely.
Official Government Guidance and Recommendations
  • Safety in Austria : Austria travel advice and information from the British Government
  • Carrying ID in Belgium : Official notice of legal requirement to carry ID in Belgium from the Federal Public Service Home Affairs
  • Safety in Bulgaria : Travel advice and recommendations for visiting Bulgaria (from the British Government)
  • ID Laws in Croatia : Mandatory ID requirement in Croatia, per the British Government
  • Safety in Czechia : Information on how to stay safe while exploring the Czech Republic, including information on local laws
  • French ID Requirements : The French Embassy stating that Americans are not required to carry their passports on them in France
  • German ID Regulations : Regulatory text for carrying ID as a tourist in Germany
  • Greece Travel Safety : Information on traveling safely in Greece, including whether or not you should carry ID per the US Government
  • Traveling to Hungary : Information, advice, and guidance on traveling to Hungary from the Irish government
  • Iceland Travel Safety : Information on local laws in Iceland, and other guidance on exploring the country from the UK Government
  • Italy ID Requirements : Details on Italy's identification requirements for travelers
  • Latvia ID Requirements : Tourist information, advice, and requirements from the Latvian Tourism Board
  • Lithuania Safety : Guidance for traveling to Lithuania (UK Government)
  • Croatia ID Requirements : Official ID requirements per the Croatian government, including potential legal consequences
  • Netherlands ID Requirements : Information on carrying ID in the Netherlands, from the US Embassy
  • Poland Travel Safety : Information on traveling to Poland, including whether or not to carry ID
  • Portugal Travel Safety : Tips and guidance for traveling to Portugal from the Irish Government
  • Romania Travel Safety : Guidance and recommendations for traveling to Romania, including about carrying valid ID (per the Irish Government)
  • Slovakia Travel Safety : Tips and information about traveling safely through Slovakia
  • Slovenia Travel Info : Guidance for travelers in Slovenia, including ID requirements, from the Canadian Government
  • Spain Travel Safety : Guidance on traveling to Spain (and ID requirements) from the British Government
Written by:
Sarah Pardi - Staff Travel Advisor
Fact-check and reviewed by:
Clément Goubon
Last updated:
September 30, 2026

Learn more about our editorial standards and review process in our Editorial Policy.